A Technical Note from SEI “Experiences in implementing Measurement Programs” has this below picture which illustrates the different types of performance indicators

 For all those wanting to set up a Measurement system, this is a good reference to start from.
In reality though, you may have many more intermediate layers between the Goal & the Tasks. Depending on the breadth & depth of the org. structure, each of the clusters / groups may have their own Goals & Objectives which are derived from the top or based on their internal problems & Market Opportunities they address.

When designing the reporting mechanisms we need to ensure that the aggregations are meaningful & actionable. It should be possible to identify the specific causes of variations and take Corrective & Preventive actions at the right place in the hierarchy.
Wherever possible, an indicator which provides Leading information should be preferred over a lagging indicator.